Hypochloremia
| Hypochloremia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Chlorine | |
| Specialty | Endocrinology  |
Hypochloremia (or Hypochloraemia) is an electrolyte disturbance in which there is an abnormally low level of the chloride ion in the blood. Normal serum range for chloride is 97 to 107 mmol/L with levels less than 96 mmol/L defining hypochloremia.[1]
It rarely occurs in the absence of other abnormalities. It is sometimes associated with hypoventilation.[2] It can be associated with chronic respiratory acidosis.[3] If it occurs together with metabolic alkalosis (decreased blood acidity) it is often due to vomiting. It is usually the result of hyponatremia or elevated bicarbonate concentration. It occurs in cystic fibrosis.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ Pfortmueller, Carmen Andrea; Uehlinger, Dominik; von Haehling, Stephan; Schefold, Joerg Christian (April 2018). "Serum chloride levels in critical illness—the hidden story". Intensive Care Medicine Experimental. 6 (1): 10. doi:10.1186/s40635-018-0174-5. ISSN 2197-425X. PMC 5899079. PMID 29654387.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Lavie CJ, Crocker EF, Key KJ, Ferguson TG (October 1986). "Marked hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis with severe compensatory hypoventilation". South. Med. J. 79 (10): 1296–9. doi:10.1097/00007611-198610000-00025. PMID 3764530.
- ^ Levitin H, Branscome W, Epstein FH (December 1958). "The pathogenesis of hypochloremia in respiratory acidosis". J. Clin. Invest. 37 (12): 1667–75. doi:10.1172/JCI103758. PMC 1062852. PMID 13611033.
- ^ Scurati-Manzoni, Elisabetta; Fossali, Emilio F.; Agostoni, Carlo; Riva, Enrica; Simonetti, Giacomo D.; Zanolari-Calderari, Maura; Bianchetti, Mario G.; Lava, Sebastiano A. G. (June 2014). "Electrolyte abnormalities in cystic fibrosis: systematic review of the literature". Pediatric Nephrology. 29 (6): 1015–1023. doi:10.1007/s00467-013-2712-4. ISSN 0931-041X.
External links
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